Issue
Health Canada is reminding Canadians of the importance of properly cooking fresh fiddleheads before eating them.
Fiddleheads are the curled, edible shoots of the ostrich fern. They are collected along the banks of rivers and streams and sold as a seasonal vegetable at farmer’s markets, roadside stands and in some grocery stores.
There have been cases of temporary illness in Canada and the United States associated with eating raw or undercooked fiddleheads. Studies to date have not determined the cause of these illnesses.
Symptoms of illness usually begin 30 minutes to 12 hours after eating raw or undercooked fiddleheads and may include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and headaches. Illness generally lasts less than 24 hours but can result in dehydration, particularly among the elderly and in infants. There have been no reported cases of illness associated with eating fully cooked fiddleheads.
What you should do
Health Canada recommends that you:
Never eat raw fiddleheads.
Remove as much of the brown husk as possible from the fiddleheads before cooking.
Wash the fiddleheads in several changes of clean cold water.
Cook the fiddleheads in boiling water for 15 minutes or steam them for 10 to 12 minutes. The water used for boiling or steaming fiddleheads should be discarded.
Fiddleheads should also be boiled or steamed prior to sautéing, frying or baking.
Due to their short growing season, many people freeze fiddleheads. Be sure to use the same cooking methods outlined above when preparing fiddleheads that have been frozen. Preserving fiddleheads with a pressure canner is not recommended, as safe process times have not been established for home-preserved fiddleheads.
Anyone experiencing the above symptoms after consuming fiddleheads should seek the advice of a health care professional and contact their local public health unit.
