The FAO Food Price Index is a measure of the monthly change in international prices of a basket of food commodities.
The FAO Dairy Price Index led the overall decline, slipping 4.8 percent from the previous month and 34 percent below the peak reached in February 2014. The weaker prices reflect increased export supplies across all major dairy products, especially from New Zealand.
The FAO Meat Price Index went down 2.0 percent from September, with ovine, pig, bovine and poultry meat all posting drops due mostly to abundant export supplies.
The FAO Vegetable Oil Price Index fell by 1.5 percent. This is its ninth consecutive monthly drop, to reach its lowest level since April 2009. The latest slide was mostly driven by sluggish global import demand for palm oil and large inventories held by the commodity's major exporting countries. International soy oil prices increased slightly.
The FAO Cereal Price Index rebounded, rising 1.3 percent from September, mostly due to firmer maize quotations from the US. In contrast, rice prices fell which is partly influenced by currency movements weighing on Japonica and fragrant varieties.
The FAO Sugar Price Index surged 8.7 percent, mostly as a result of negative climate-related production prospects in India and Indonesia as well as indications of an increasing share of Brazil's sugarcane output being used to produce ethanol.
World cereal output forecasts raised
FAO has also raised its forecast for global cereal production in 2018 to 2,601 million tons, primarily due to higher estimates for wheat production in Canada and China. Nonetheless, the new forecast remains 2.1 percent below the record level achieved in 2017.
Global rice output this year is expected to surpass last year's all-time high by 1.3 percent, reaching 513 million tons, according to FAO's latest Cereal Supply and Demand Brief.
World wheat production in 2018 is now forecast at around 728 million tons, marking a 4.3 percent decline from the previous year. Winter wheat crops, to be harvested in 2019, are currently being sown in the Northern Hemisphere, while in the European Union, the US and India generally remunerative prices are expected to stimulate an increase in plantings.
Worldwide output of coarse grains is forecast at 1,360 million tons, a 2.2 percent drop from 2017. Coarse grain crops are currently being planted in the Southern Hemisphere countries, and early prospects indicate an expansion in maize plantings in South America.
FAO expects world cereal utilization to rise by 0.2 percent to a record of 2,653 million tons, spurred by higher feed and industrial uses of maize, especially in China and the US. The use of wheat for food consumption is anticipated to rise by 1.0 percent, while that for rice to increase by 1.1 percent.
Worldwide cereal stocks at the close of seasons in 2019 are now forecast to reach almost 762 million tons, some 6.5 percent below their record-high opening level.
Total inventories of coarse grains are expected to fall for the first time in six years, while those of wheat are set to decrease by 4.5 percent, with drawdowns to be led by major exporters. World rice stocks, by contrast, are expected to rise by 2.6 percent to 176.6 million tons.
International trade in cereals is now forecast to decline 1.1 percent from the 2017/18 record level, with trade in both wheat and rice contracting. World trade in coarse grains is still forecast to remain close to the previous year's record level, at around 195 million tons, with maize volumes increasing while those of sorghum declining.
