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ACT and Queensland are the only states currently with free-range egg standards, but their standards are vastly different.
In ACT, a stocking density of 1,500 birds per hectare can be called free-range, but Queensland raised its stocking density from 1,500, to 10,000 last year.
Coles has adopted a maximum stocking density of 10,000 birds per hectare for its own brand free-range eggs.
The investigation by NSW Fair Trading found that farms are commonly stocked at 20,000 chickens per hectare when they carry the free-range label, despite the CSIRO’s current model code of practise recommending 1,500 birds per hectare.
A voluntary industry code allows stocking densities of up to 20,000 birds per hectare with guidelines on stock rotation, grass cover and access to shade.