Oxygen is the basic element for all functions of the body. During various functions, oxygen interacts with body compounds to produce highly unstable molecules known as free radicals. Free radicals are also generated by the cells of the body’s immune system while they inactivate various microbes invading the body. Environmental factors such as radiation, cigarette smoke, or pollution can also damage body cells.
These free radicals need to couple with another electron to become stable, otherwise they remain highly reactive, causing cell and tissue damage. Antioxidants are chemical substances which neutralise these free oxygen radicals, thus prevent the resultant damage. Research has focused on use of naturally occurring antioxidants to prevent or retard chronic degenerative diseases and ageing.
There are a wide variety of antioxidants in nature. They are present in abundance in whole grains, nuts, fresh vegetables and fruits. Vitamin A (retinol) is synthesised in the body by beta carotene. It is present in dark green, yellow and orange vegetables and fruits. Carrots, squash, broccoli, tomatoes, mango, orange, apricot are some of the naturally occurring substances rich in beta carotene and Vitamin A.
Vitamin C, a water soluble vitamin, is also abundantly present in nature and has strong antioxidant properties. Due to this, it helps to improve immunity of the body and boost the fight against diseases. Citrus fruits like orange and sweet lemon are rich sources of Vitamin C. It is also present in guavas, green peppers, tomatoes, broccoli, strawberries, blackcurrant, blueberries and raw cabbage, etc.
According to an article on newtimes.co.rw, vitamin C and E work together to prevent oxidation of lipids in the blood stream. Thus, they retard atherosclerosis and prevent coronary artery disease.
To keep the body healthy, prevent chronic diseases and ageing, one should regularly take a diet rich in antioxidants, that is, fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts and whole grains.
