A Japanese research institute has developed a machine that uses ultraviolet rays to protect mikan -satsuma- against rotting. Researchers at the Saika Technological Institute Foundation, which produces food quality inspection equipment and devices, and other parties, including the Shizuoka prefectural government, discovered that ultraviolet ray application causes stress to the fruit, stimulating its self-defense function. This leads to production of a sort of polyphenol known as scoparone that has antibacterial effects and stops the skin from decomposing.
Saika has developed and marketed equipment to prevent mold from forming during storage and transportation of mikan. Mikan are rotated and carried on a conveyor belt in the machine for even exposure to ultraviolet rays for 20 to 25 seconds.
The machine can treat 700 kilograms of mikan per hour, and the antibacterial effect will continue for two to three weeks, according to the scientists.
According to asahi.com, Mikan farmers visually sort out damaged oranges before shipping, but undetected scratches and damages caused during delivery can accelerate decomposition, leading to rotten fruit by the time it reaches consumers.
In their experiments, the scientists exposed half of a mikan to ultraviolet rays and left the other half untreated. The untreated section went rotten in most mikan, but less decay was detected in the treated half after the fruit was kept for a week with small scratches and mold.
